I went to see Watchmen last night, having read the comic book graphic novel some months back. The novel is a work of art; it’s richly interlayered, accomplishing literary effects and conveying subtleties of meaning that are impossible in straight prose. It was of course impossible for the movie to live up the original, but the film nevertheless was well done. And incidentally, though many fanboys will protest over the film’s changed ending, I thought it made the finale stronger. 
Like any narrative of artistic merit, Watchmen, as both film and graphic novel, raises profound theological questions. Lengthy papers could be written on the “Theology of Watchmen“, but this post will seek merely to briefly consider and draw attention to a few of the issues the story raises.
Dr. Manhattan, the only superhero in Watchmen with genuine superpowers, is seen by many as a godlike being. He can manipulate matter; he perceives his entire life, past and future, as a continuous present (mostly); he can walk on the surface of the sun; he can grow to titanic size.
In the story, when the existence of Dr. Manhattan is made public, newspapers record a prominent official as saying “The Superman exists, and he’s American.” The official later clarifies that he was misquoted; his actual statement was “God exists, and he’s American”.
It is interesting to note how close this statement is to the implicit attitude of many in America. The state’s established religion of American Nationalism is all too often cloaked in the language (and, tragically, the institutions) of Christianity, using phrases like “One nation under God” and “In God we trust”. An examination of the radical, subversive message of Christ should make it clear that the God of Christianity is not the same as whatever deity the government “trusts”; but nevertheless, many in America ascribe to a political theology that in some sense assumes that “God exists, and he’s American”.
Of course, this is not a problem limited to the US. As Walter Wink has noted, Christian moral discernment in national affairs “tends to follow the flag”. But in America, it is exacerbated by the fervent, obligatory, patriotism that colors everything in public life.
[Spoiler warning] The film version of Watchmen reaches its climax when one of the superheroes wreaks destruction in major cities around the world, framing Dr. Manhattan for the dastardly deed in order to force America and the USSR to make peace and unite against this new common threat (the film is set during an alternate-history Cold War). To the American government, it is as if God has suddenly turned against them. God still exists, but now he is anti-American.
Could real-world America face such a crisis? Though the God of the New Testament is not a God of empire, the conception of Deity embraced by Christian Nationalism could never turn on the US. There are millions of American Christians who, attending churches that obscure the cross with the flag, have rarely considered the possibility that God could oppose the United States in any substantial way (though many millions more elsewhere in the world have rarely doubted God’s un-Americanism!). It is inevitable that someday these two conceptions of God will run smack-dab into each other (as they did in Nazi Germany, for example), creating massive cognitive dissonance for man, and shaking the religious foundations of American society.
Perhaps, then, Watchmen in some way echoes the archetypes of biblical apocalyptic literature, wherein all the nations of the earth come together against God in the “last days”. In the film, the warring nations of the world unite to counter a hostile superhero. In “real life”, the nations continue to war physically, but spiritually they are united in countering the peace of God with the cult of Empire.
This post was featured on the CCBlogs Network, and was also crossposted at Crossleft.org



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8 March 2009 at 12:19
Why I don’t fit in at church, round 2 « twice infinity
[...] March 7, just yesterday, I wrote a post about the “Theology of Watchmen“, discussing the way it reflects the American religion of Christian Nationalism. In that post, I [...]
9 March 2009 at 12:03
Oskar
Excellent point of view. I enjoyed this movie greately, althougt I haven’t read the book. I was able to identify with many of the hitorical, politica and theological references. I found this to be a great film and would love so see it again after I read the book.
12 March 2009 at 13:38
Eshto
Being that I am not a Christian or any type of theist, my take on this movie was a bit different. The nations of the world weren’t just coming together to fight Dr. Manhattan in the end. They were terrified of him. They didn’t seem prepared to battle him, rather, they appeared to be in submission to his awesome power.
I think it nicely raises one of the main moral conundrums of religion: the fact that religious people will often conflate morality with their idea of a mythical creator deity, and construct a narrative in which this creator deity in turn punishes human immorality (and of course, they use that threat as a tool for spreading their religion). The end effect being that people who believe this sort of story might do good things, but only out of a childish fear of being punished by a cosmic authority figure.
I think that’s part of what Nite Owl meant when he told Ozymandias he hadn’t saved humanity, but mutilated it. There can be no authentic goodness in the world if everyone is only watching what they do because they believe an invisible sky daddy is watching them at all times.
The very basic premise behind the entire book and film is that the logical extension of both religious and superhero mythology is fascism.
You probably disagree with that, being a Christian, but knowing a bit about Alan Moore, I don’t think it’s far off from what he intended his meaning to be.
9 May 2009 at 20:21
the theology of “star trek” « twice infinity
[...] heroes of the original series, and opened up a lot of possibilities for future exploration. In my Theology of Watchmen post a couple months back, I wrote that “like any narrative of artistic merit, Watchmen, as [...]
23 May 2009 at 11:51
the theology of “terminator”: violence and the machines « twice infinity
[...] posed by recent movies, all of them, thus far, scifi flicks. In March I wrote about the “Theology of Watchmen“, and just a couple weeks ago I pondered the “Theology of Star Trek“. Well guess [...]
14 August 2009 at 22:23
the politics of “district 9″: apartheid and exploitation « sword and cross
[...] socio-political themes. In a departure from my previous “film theology” posts (on Watchmen, Star Trek, and Terminator, respectively), I’m going to focus more on the political message [...]
9 March 2009 at 19:22
Matt Shafer
Thanks for the response. I would definitely encourage you to read the book; it’s a incredibly compelling piece of literature. Enjoy.
12 March 2009 at 21:11
Matt Shafer
Thanks for the comment, Eshto; glad to have your thoughts.
You make a great point about fear. In fact, I agree with pretty much all of what you said: religion based on fear is always bad.
The New Testament says that “God has not given us a spirit of fear”, and that “perfect love casts out fear”. As a Christian, I believe that one of the primary purposes of the message of Jesus was to discredit the idea that morality can be based on fear. Indeed, throughout the New Testament (especially the writings of Paul), there’s a prevalent idea that the Old Testament Law (which is based on personal sin, extensive rules, etc — sort of like what you said about “fear of an invisible sky daddy”) is fulfilled and supplanted by God’s grace (which replaces the dozens of exacting requirements with the simplicity of an ethic of love and reciprocity).
Thus, though you probably didn’t intend it this way, a lot of what you said has close affinities to much of New Testament theology.